![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() After 1900, Eugene Debs’s Socialist Party attracted a significant minority of UMW members, notably in Illinois. In 1894, delegates of the UMW annual convention endorsed calls for governmental control of mines, railroads, telegraph systems, and other means of production. These immigrants came to occupy many positions of leadership at the local and district levels of the union. The early years of the UMW were known political radicalism, with socialist colliers who had emigrated from the Britian, bringing traditions of political activism and artisanal independence. For much of the early twentieth century, it was the largest union within the American Federation of Labor (AFL). It organized on an industrial basis, encompassing all workers associated with the mines, and not just miners. The union grew rapidly reaching 300,000 members in 1905. The United Mine Workers (UMW) was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in 1890, and initiated major strikes in 18. ![]()
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